Flame-Retardant Treatments of Cellulose and Their Influence on the Mechanism of Cellulose Pyrolysis

纤维素 阻燃剂 燃烧 可燃性 热解 材料科学 降级(电信) 纤维 化学工程 聚合物 复合材料 纤维素纤维 自燃 放热反应 吸热过程 废物管理 高分子科学 有机化学 化学 吸附 工程类 电信
作者
Baljinder K. Kandola,A. Richard Horrocks,Dennis Price,G. V. Coleman
出处
期刊:Journal Of Macromolecular Science, Part A [Informa]
卷期号:36 (4): 721-794 被引量:302
标识
DOI:10.1080/15321799608014859
摘要

Abstract Cellulose, either as a major component in wood or as the prime textile fiber cotton, is most frequently implicated in fire, causing injuries and fatalities [1]. When ignited, cellulose undergoes thermal degradation, form-ing combustible volatile compounds which become involved in the propaga-tion of fire. Fortunately cellulose has a chemical composition which makes it easily amenable to interactive flame-retardant treatments. Because flam-mability is a relative rather than an absolute concept, there are no truly flame-retardant fabrics, and the best that can be attained is some given level of flame resistance. Barker and Drews [2] proposed that with cellulose, the problem of fire can be described as two distinct phenomena, glowing and flaming, which present different potential hazards and should be ap-proached in different ways. Glowing is a direct oxidation of solid cellulose or its degradation products. It is generally a slow combustion and is of great concern for only specific items, such as carpets, upholstery, mattresses, and insulation. Flaming combustion, on the other hand, is a complex process involving both solid and gas phases, and may be modeled as a cyclic pro-cess. In the initial stages of burning, heat is supplied to cellulose, initiating endothermic degradation reactions in which large polymer molecules are broken into smaller, volatile fuel compounds. The pyrolysis products dif-fuse to the surface and mix with oxygen from the air so that combustion may take place. This combustion is exothermic, and the heat thus liberated is partially transferred back to fiber surfaces to continue polymer pyrolysis, maintaining a continuous supply of gaseous fuel for further propagation. This process is shown schematically in Fig. 1 [3, 4]. Early attempts to explain the mechanism of flame-retardant action of
最长约 10秒,即可获得该文献文件

科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI
更新
PDF的下载单位、IP信息已删除 (2025-6-4)

科研通是完全免费的文献互助平台,具备全网最快的应助速度,最高的求助完成率。 对每一个文献求助,科研通都将尽心尽力,给求助人一个满意的交代。
实时播报
刚刚
1秒前
西南楚留香完成签到,获得积分10
4秒前
Newky发布了新的文献求助10
5秒前
7秒前
7秒前
王路飞完成签到,获得积分10
8秒前
11秒前
mmm发布了新的文献求助10
12秒前
boltos发布了新的文献求助10
14秒前
ASA完成签到,获得积分10
14秒前
abin发布了新的文献求助10
15秒前
Newky完成签到,获得积分10
15秒前
卿君完成签到,获得积分10
19秒前
19秒前
Jasper应助乔佳怡采纳,获得10
21秒前
Akim应助hwezhu采纳,获得10
21秒前
22秒前
alpv完成签到,获得积分10
22秒前
23秒前
南冥发布了新的文献求助10
26秒前
26秒前
27秒前
迷路的绿藻头完成签到 ,获得积分10
27秒前
量子星尘发布了新的文献求助10
28秒前
哈哈完成签到,获得积分10
28秒前
A阿澍发布了新的文献求助10
29秒前
abin完成签到,获得积分10
29秒前
31秒前
31秒前
31秒前
hwezhu发布了新的文献求助10
32秒前
34秒前
jyy应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
36秒前
czh应助科研通管家采纳,获得20
36秒前
烟花应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
37秒前
充电宝应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
37秒前
小马甲应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
37秒前
37秒前
今后应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
37秒前
高分求助中
A new approach to the extrapolation of accelerated life test data 1000
ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription, 12th edition 500
‘Unruly’ Children: Historical Fieldnotes and Learning Morality in a Taiwan Village (New Departures in Anthropology) 400
Indomethacinのヒトにおける経皮吸収 400
Phylogenetic study of the order Polydesmida (Myriapoda: Diplopoda) 370
基于可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱技术泄漏气体检测系统的研究 350
Robot-supported joining of reinforcement textiles with one-sided sewing heads 320
热门求助领域 (近24小时)
化学 材料科学 医学 生物 工程类 有机化学 生物化学 物理 内科学 纳米技术 计算机科学 化学工程 复合材料 遗传学 基因 物理化学 催化作用 冶金 细胞生物学 免疫学
热门帖子
关注 科研通微信公众号,转发送积分 3989263
求助须知:如何正确求助?哪些是违规求助? 3531418
关于积分的说明 11253814
捐赠科研通 3270066
什么是DOI,文献DOI怎么找? 1804884
邀请新用户注册赠送积分活动 882084
科研通“疑难数据库(出版商)”最低求助积分说明 809136