诺卡迪亚
分类学(生物学)
生物
分子诊断学
临床微生物学
鉴定(生物学)
微生物学
诺卡氏菌科
抗生素
计算生物学
放线菌
链霉菌
遗传学
动物
细菌
生态学
作者
Barbara A. Brown‐Elliott,June M. Brown,Patricia S. Conville,Richard J. Wallace
标识
DOI:10.1128/cmr.19.2.259-282.2006
摘要
SUMMARY The recent explosion of newly described species of Nocardia results from the impact in the last decade of newer molecular technology, including PCR restriction enzyme analysis and 16S rRNA sequencing. These molecular techniques have revolutionized the identification of the nocardiae by providing rapid and accurate identification of recognized nocardiae and, at the same time, revealing new species and a number of yet-to-be-described species. There are currently more than 30 species of nocardiae of human clinical significance, with the majority of isolates being N. nova complex, N. abscessus , N. transvalensis complex, N. farcinica , N. asteroides type VI ( N. cyriacigeorgica ), and N. brasiliensis . These species cause a wide variety of diseases and have variable drug susceptibilities. Accurate identification often requires referral to a reference laboratory with molecular capabilities, as many newer species are genetically distinct from established species yet have few or no distinguishing phenotypic characteristics. Correct identification is important in deciding the clinical relevance of a species and in the clinical management and treatment of patients with nocardial disease. This review characterizes the currently known pathogenic species of Nocardia , including clinical disease, drug susceptibility, and methods of identification.
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