Ultrastable and high-capacity carbon nanofiber anodes derived from pitch/polyacrylonitrile for flexible sodium-ion batteries

聚丙烯腈 材料科学 阳极 电解质 纳米纤维 化学工程 静电纺丝 阴极 碳纳米纤维 碳纤维 纳米技术 电极 复合材料 碳纳米管 聚合物 化学 复合数 工程类 物理化学
作者
Yuwei Wang,Nan Xiao,Zhiyu Wang,Yongchao Tang,Hongqiang Li,Mingliang Yu,Chang Liu,Ying Zhou,Jieshan Qiu
出处
期刊:Carbon [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:135: 187-194 被引量:91
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.carbon.2018.04.031
摘要

Free-standing flexible sodium-ion battery anodes are fabricated by NH3 treating coal tar pitch/polyacrylonitrile based electrospun nanofibers. The carbon nanofiber films (NCFs) consist of disordered carbon matrix with well distributed graphitic microdomains. The disordered carbon matrix with enlarged interlay distance greatly enhances Na+ transfer kinetics. And the graphitic microdomains distributed throughout the entire matrix as a result of the addition of pitch form conductive network, which facilitates electron transfer. Micro/mesopores resulting from the NH3 treatment combined with interconnected network structure facilitate the access of electrolyte to the electrode and Na+ diffusion. Benefiting from these structural features, NCFs achieve a high reversible capacity of 341 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 in the half sodium-ion cells. Even after an ultralong cycling of 10 000 times, specific capacities of 235 and 217 mA h g−1 can still be retained at 1 and 2 A g−1, respectively. Furthermore, the flexible sodium-ion full batteries which consist of NCFs anode and Na3V2(PO4)3@C cathode show excellent rate performance and good cycling capability, with a stable discharge plateau of 3.3–2.2 V under different flexing angles. This novel high-performance carbon nanofiber film anode holds great potential in future flexible and wearable sodium-ion batteries.
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