乳状液
石油工程
表面张力
过程(计算)
石油
石油工业
环境科学
工艺工程
工作(物理)
原油
计算机科学
化学
化学工程
工程类
有机化学
环境工程
机械工程
操作系统
物理
量子力学
作者
Ana Sousa,Maria João Veloso da Costa Ramos Pereira,Henrique A. Matos
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.petrol.2021.110041
摘要
In the petroleum industry, oil and water emulsions are frequent, not only in oilfield operations but also during the transportation and refining processes. Once depicting emulsion formation and stabilization, it is essential to analyse how it is possible to reverse the process, demulsifying the emulsion. Depending on operating conditions and fluid components, crude oils can form stable emulsions with water. In fact, some of the oil's compounds can act as natural surfactants, decreasing the interfacial tension between fluids, promoting emulsification. Several studies have been developed to analyse how the emulsification process occurs and how to demulsify them. However, the literature does not offer a systematic review of both methods. The current work is a critical review to highlight the energy input needed to promote the formation of an emulsion and the type of emulsifying agents necessary to enable the appearance of oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsion. Secondly, this work also aims to review the state of the art of demulsification techniques applied in the oil industry. The result offers a robust background on this matter, discussing the demulsification methods, enabling a decision support perspective since it emphasizes their advantages and disadvantages.
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