Flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator based on the Er3 + doped lead-free (Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3-BaTiO3 piezoelectric nanofibers with strong upconversion luminescence

Flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENG) have attracted wide attention because of their great potential in solving the power supply problem of wearable electronic devices. In order to expand the applications of PENG, high quality (Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 )TiO 3 -0.06BaTiO 3 (NBT-0.06BT: x Er 3+ ) nanofibers doped with different Er 3+ concentrations were prepared by the gel-sol electrostatic spinning method. The morphology and phase structure of the prepared nanofibers were characterized. Dense nanofibers with good crystallization have been obtained. The local ferroelectric properties of the nanofibers were characterized by PFM. It is found the prepared nanofibers have a strong upconversion (UC) photoluminescence (PL) property. Utilizing the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR ) technique, the temperature sensing properties of the nanofibers has been investigated, showing a maximum sensitivity of 0.0043 K −1 . Finally, the flexible PENG was prepared by encapsulating NBT-0.06BT:0.01Er 3+ nanofibers, interdigital electrode and PDMS. The maximum voltage output of PENG is 97 V. The present investigation integrates the luminescence characteristics and electrical properties of nanofibers into the flexible PENG, which may greatly expand its application field. • NBT-0.06BT: x Er 3+ nanofibers with high quality have been successfully prepared. • NBT-0.06BT: x Er 3+ nanofibers have excellent temperature sensing properties. • The present PENG has a potential application in optics. • The output voltage of the PENG reaches a high value of 97 V.