[Primary culture and functional identification of distal pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells in mice].

Objective: To establish a method of isolation and primary culture of mice distal pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and identify the functional properties. Methods: PASMCs were harvested from the distal pulmonary artery (PA) tissue of mice by enzymatic digestion of collagenaseⅠand papain; and the growth characteristics were observed under inverted microscope and identified by Immunofluorescence technique. Effects on the intracellular calcium ion concentration of distal PASMCs were detected by Fura-2-AM fluorescent probe tracer under a fluorescence microscope in Krebs solution containing clopiazonic acid (CPA) and nifedipin (Nif). Results: PASMCs density reached approximately to 80% in a typical valley-peak-like shape after 6 days. Cell α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) immunofluorescence identified that 95% of the cultured cells were PASMCs. More than 95% PASMCs responded well to calcium-potassium Krebs solution (potassium ion concentration of 60 mmol/L) and showed a rapid increase in basal [Ca(2+) ](i) after 1 minute's perfusion (Δ[Ca(2+) ](i)>50), which demonstrated that the voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCC) of distal PASMCs were in good function; after the perfusion of calcium Krebs, calcium-free/calcium-Krebs containing CPA and Nif, distal PASMCs showed two typical peaks, indicated the full function of store-operated calcium channel (SOCC) in distal PASMCs. Conclusion: This experiment successfully established a stable and reliable mice distal PASMCs model and the study of pulmonary vascular diseases could benefit from its higher purity and better functional condition.目的：建立小鼠远端肺动脉平滑肌细胞(PASMCs)的体外分离及原代培养方法，并鉴定其功能学特性。 方法：采用体视显微镜下分离纯化小鼠远端肺动脉平滑肌组织，并采用复合酶联合消化法消化后进行体外培养；倒置显微镜下观察小鼠原代远端PASMCs的生长特点；免疫荧光染色法对细胞进行鉴定；荧光显微镜下观察以Fura－2－AM荧光探针示踪的钙离子，检测细胞高钾反应及钙池操纵性钙内流反应，评价细胞活力。 结果：原代小鼠远端PASMCs分离培养6 d时细胞生长融合度达80%，生长状态较好，呈典型的谷－峰状形态；细胞α－肌动蛋白(α－SMA)染色阳性率为95%以上。利用含钙高钾Krebs液(钾离子浓度为60 mmol/L)灌流原代小鼠远端PASMCs，1 min后95%以上PASMCs细胞内钙离子浓度迅速上升，细胞内钙离子浓度(Δ[Ca(2＋)](i))变化值>50，证明原代小鼠远端PASMCs中电压依赖性钙通道(VDCC)具有良好的功能；利用含钙Krebs液灌流5 min、无钙环匹阿尼酸和Nif Krebs液灌流10 min、以含钙环匹阿尼酸和Nif Krebs液灌流10 min及含钙Krebs液灌流10 min检测原代小鼠远端PASMCs中基础钙及钙池操纵性钙内流(SOCE)，结果显示原代小鼠远端PASMCs对灌流液反应良好，钙离子浓度出现双峰变化，表明细胞中钙池操纵性钙通道(SOCC)功能优良。 结论：本实验通过复合酶消化法成功建立稳定可靠的原代小鼠肺动脉平滑肌体外培养方法，可获得纯度较高，功能良好的PASMCs，为肺血管疾病的研究提供了良好的细胞工具。.