Abstract The natural structure of the bio‐templates with high fidelity can provide a novel pathway to synthesize carbon materials with unique microstructure and morphology for high‐performance energy storage. Herein, a novel and facile strategy is proposed to synthesize nitrogen and phosphorus co‐doped carbon submicroribbons with 3D cross‐linked network structure (CSR) derived from mucor hyphae and their derivatives. The size of mucor hyphae can be customized by tunning the kitchen‐type cultivation process of mucor grown on tofu surfaces. The derivative of Ru quantum dots modified porous CSR (Ru@PCSR) is successfully synthesized by combining pore‐forming with introducing Ru quantum dots. Ru@PCSR exhibits a large specific surface area, high electronic and ionic conductivity, superior lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) adsorption, and high catalytic activation toward LiPSs conversion. The Ru@PCSR is designed to introduce into Li 2 S cathode and polypropylene (PP) separator as multifunctional frameworks to form a new Ru@PCSR‐Li 2 S || Ru@PCSR/PP || Li metal battery, exhibiting a high discharge capacity of 960 mAh g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 , superior rate performance and excellent cycling stability over 750 cycles. This study provides a new avenue for the preparation of carbon materials with unique microstructure and morphology for advanced energy storage by means of the natural structure in bio‐precursors.