Non-Destructive Detection of Tea Polyphenols in Fu Brick Tea Based on Hyperspectral Imaging and Improved PKO-SVR Method

Tea polyphenols (TPs) are a critical indicator for evaluating the quality of tea leaves and are esteemed for their beneficial effects. The non-destructive detection of this component is essential for enhancing precise control in tea production and improving product quality. This study developed an enhanced PKO-SVR (support vector regression based on the Pied Kingfisher Optimization Algorithm) model for rapidly and accurately detecting tea polyphenol content in Fu brick tea using hyperspectral reflectance data. During this experiment, chemical analysis determined the tea polyphenol content, while hyperspectral imaging captured the spectral data. Data preprocessing techniques were applied to reduce noise interference and improve the prediction model. Additionally, several other models, including K-nearest neighbor (KNN) regression, neural network regression (BP), support vector regression based on the sparrow algorithm (SSA-SVR), and support vector regression based on particle swarm optimization (PSO-SVR), were established for comparison. The experiment results demonstrated that the improved PKO-SVR model excelled in predicting the polyphenol content of Fu brick tea (R2 = 0.9152, RMSE = 0.5876, RPD = 3.4345 for the test set) and also exhibited a faster convergence rate. Therefore, the hyperspectral data combined with the PKO-SVR algorithm presented in this study proved effective for evaluating Fu brick tea’s polyphenol content.