Study of the Relationship between Platelet Distribution Width, Red Blood Cell Distribution Width and Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract Background Insulin resistance is identified as an impaired biological response to insulin stimulation of target tissues, primarily the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue. The metabolic consequences of insulin resistance can result in hyperglycaemia, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, visceral adiposity, hyperuricemia, elevated inflammatory markers, endothelial dysfunction, and a prothrombotic state. Progression of insulin resistance can lead to metabolic syndrome, non- alcoholic fatty liver disease, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Aim of the Work We aimed by our study to assess the relationship of platelet distribution width and red blood cell distribution width with insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes with and without non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to check if platelet distribution width or red blood cell distribution width could be easy predictors of insulin resistance. Patients and Methods The present study is a Case Control Study was conducted in Ain Shams University Hospital. This study includes 80 subjects with matched age and sex. Results The present study results confirmed that low RDW was associated with increased risk of developing diabetes mellitus. Their study found that RDW is negatively correlated with waist and FG, insulin and TG concentrations. We also found that the group with the lowest quartile of RDW had the highest glucose, insulin and HOMA levels. Moreover, our results were found that there is a significant negative correlation of RDW with poor glycemic control. Our results also found that decreased levels of red blood cell distribution widths (RDW) were all associated with increased fasting insulin. Our study was documented a negative correlation between HbA1c and the platelet index PDW. Conclusion In our study, we found a relation between insulin resistance and red blood cell distribution width. RDW (fl) could be used to discriminate between patients with type II diabetes and controls.