Perovskite nonlinear optical properties and photonics

Hybrid halide perovskites emerging as a highly promising class of functional materials for semiconductor optoelectronic have achieved great success in various fields. Meanwhile, the strong light-matter interaction of halide perovskite also endows itself outstanding nonlinear optics (NLO). In the past few years, beneficial from the structure diversity, a series of nonlinear optical photonics ranging from nonlinear absorption to harmonic generation have been demonstrated in perovskite material family, which appeal considerable attention. In this chapter, the current state of the art in the field of NLO for perovskite materials is reviewed to point out the advantage. Relying on different nonlinear susceptibility, the various NLO categorized into multiphoton absorption (MPA), saturable absorption (SA), nonlinear refraction (NLR), harmonic generation, and other NLO of multiple perovskite materials ranging from three-dimensional (3D) single crystal and polycrystalline film to freestanding nano-/microstructure and natural two-dimensional (2D) quantum wells (QWs) are summarized. The underlying impact factors are analyzed systematically. Meanwhile, the potential application perspectives are also presented. Furthermore, future directions and challenges toward the improvement of the NLO are discussed to provide an outlook in this rapidly developing field.