Globalisation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria at recurring mass gathering events

Antimicrobial resistance is associated with an estimated 4·95 million deaths annually and is currently a leading cause of death worldwide.1 Despite numerous global initiatives to control the surge of antimicrobial resistance, at the current rate of increase, annual deaths from antimicrobial resistance are estimated to rise to 10 million by 2050. This puzzling conundrum indicates that there are unknown factors that continue to increase antimicrobial resistance at a global scale and that identifying them will be crucial in controlling the ongoing antimicrobial resistance pandemic.