The Umbilical Cord and Complications of Twin Gestations

脐带 单脐动脉 医学 产科 妊娠期 怀孕 绳索 脐动脉 胎盘 胎儿 双胎妊娠 独生子女 前置胎盘 外科 解剖 生物 遗传学
作者
Aurianne Van Grambezen,Patricia Steenhaut,Bénédicte Van Grambezen,Frédéric Debiève,Pierre Bernard,Corinne Hubinont
出处
期刊:Maternal-fetal medicine [Wolters Kluwer]
卷期号:4 (4): 276-285 被引量:2
标识
DOI:10.1097/fm9.0000000000000173
摘要

Abstract The rate of twin pregnancies has increased over the last decades, largely because of the ongoing development of assisted reproductive technology and increased maternal age at childbearing. Twins have a higher risk of adverse outcomes during pregnancy and the perinatal period. The prevalence of umbilical cord abnormalities is higher for twin pregnancies compared with singleton pregnancies. Some of these abnormalities are nonspecific to twinning and can also be found in singleton gestations (such as velamentous cord insertion, vasa previa, and single umbilical artery). Other abnormalities are associated with monochorionic twins, such as umbilical cord entanglement, and umbilical proximate cord insertion. Most of these abnormalities can be detected by ultrasound evaluation. The early and accurate ultrasound diagnosis of chorionicity, amnionicity, and placental and umbilical cord characteristics is crucial if we are to predict the risk of complications and to determine the best management for twin pregnancies. Histopathological examination of the placenta and umbilical cord after delivery can help to confirm prenatal diagnosis and to provide a better understanding of the physiopathology of their abnormalities. The aim of this review was to emphasize the role that the umbilical cord plays in twin complications and to describe the management of these high-risk pregnancies.

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