All-in-one flexible paper-based self-powered energy and display system employing complementary properties of printed PEDOT:PSS/PANI:PSS dual-electrode with a dual-sided triboelectric nanogenerator

A Self-powered energy and display system (SPEDS) has been developed by integrating functionalities of energy harvesting, storage, and multicolor display, heralding innovative solutions for integrated electronic devices. An all-in-one multi-information SPEDS is proposed through incorporating a multicolor electrochromic supercapacitor device (ESCD) with a dual-sided triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), all screen-printed on a paper substrate. The synergistic enhancement in the conductive, capacitive, and electrochromic performance is realized by exploiting the complementary properties of PEDOT:PSS/PANI:PSS to form a simplified structure of ESCD, in which the electrode and electrochromic layers are integrated into one shared layer, resulting in a wide color gamut and an enhanced capacitive performance of 3.4 mF/cm². Electrochromic electrodes having identical composition exhibit independent color changes at the anode and cathode, thereby featuring a combined color display indicating multi energy-related information. Moreover, the conductive layer fabricated through patterned printing on the paper substrate, serves as both the electrode layer for TENG and the interconnect circuitry with the prepared ESCD. Furthermore, a double-sided TENG was realized by exploiting the triboelectric properties of the paper substrate and then a self-powered energy display wristband was constructed, exemplifying a novelty application utilizing the multi-information indicator properties for energy display derived from the dual-sided friction power generation.