Biodegradable based TENGs for self-sustaining implantable medical devices

Biodegradable Triboelectric Nanogenerators (B-TENGs) have emerged as a groundbreaking technology with the potential to revolutionize healthcare, particularly in the field of self-powered implanted medical devices. This review explains the fundamental role of B-TENGs in addressing the critical need for sustainable energy sources to power implantable devices. Beginning with an exploration of the significance of implantable devices in healthcare, the review emphasizes the necessity for biodegradable and sustainable energy solutions. Through an in-depth examination of the principles of TENGs and their integration with both traditional and biodegradable materials, the review highlights the design considerations essential for B-TENGs development. The review discusses the diverse array of biodegradable materials employed in various layers of B-TENGs, including active layers, electrodes, and associated signal conditioning circuits. Through critical evaluation of their potential performance in enabling self-sustaining medical devices, the review explains the promising outlook for healthcare advancement through these innovative technologies. Moreover, the review critically assesses the lifespan of B-TENG materials and addresses concerns regarding device durability. By identifying challenges in the practical implementation and commercialization of B-TENGs, offers insights into overcoming barriers to widespread adoption, thereby facilitating their integration into mainstream healthcare practices. Despite significant progress, the review acknowledges current challenges facing B-TENGs as implantable medical devices and provides perspectives on potential solutions. Finally, this review paper underscores the transformative potential of B-TENGs in advancing healthcare, predicting a future where self-powered and sustainable implanted medical devices could greatly impact patient care while reducing reliance on conventional power sources.