A new species of Clephydroneura Becker, C. jiangxiensis sp. nov., from Jiangxi, China, is described and illustrated. Previously 14 species have been recorded from other Chinese provinces (i.e., Hainan, Guangxi, and Yunnan). This new species C. jiangxiensis sp. nov can be differentiated from other closely related species by its prolonged and apically expanded epandrium, two short separated black stripes on the thorax and key-shaped phallus. A key to Clephydroneura species known from China is provided.