Research on the mapping relationship between load current and cutting force of CNC machine tools

To monitor the changes in cutting force during the machining process of machine tools, this article takes ZL205A aluminum alloy as the research object and builds a multi-sensor acquisition system, including cutting force signal, load current signal, and vibration signal acquisition system. Cutting experiments were conducted to obtain cutting force, load current, and vibration amplitude under different process parameters. The time-frequency characteristics of cutting force signals were analyzed. The mapping relationship between cutting process parameters and cutting force, as well as load current and cutting force, was established. This research enables indirect monitoring of dynamic cutting force signals by monitoring load current signals, providing reference and guidance for monitoring dynamic cutting force in actual machining processes and process optimization.