Graphene based nano patch antenna using photonic band gap insertion into substrate for applications at THz band

In this work, we present a numerical investigation of the properties of Graphene based Nano Patch Antenna (GNPA) with triangular periodic arrangements of Photonic Band Gap (PBG) insertion into substrate. In the proposed design, we studied the effect on the radiation characteristics, such as return loss, bandwidth, gain, directivity, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), and the radiation pattern using the Finite Integration Method (FIM). We analyzed three configurations of cylindrical air holes with different PBG insertion heights into silicon dioxide (SiO2) substrate, namely h1, h2 and h3, and also reference antennas. The best results obtained are S11=−31.5, 2.038 dB gain and 0.4 THz bandwidth for antenna h3. The investigated GNPA-PBG resonates around 1.5 THz, enabling the application at THz band.