Mesenchymal stromal cell infusion modulates systemic immunological responses in stable COPD patients: a phase I pilot study

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality due to limited therapeutic options for the persistent pulmonary and systemic inflammation that characterises this condition [1]. Recently, pre-clinical studies of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in COPD demonstrate efficacy in alleviating inflammation and reducing emphysema following either systemic or intra-tracheal administration [2, 3]. Human trials have demonstrated that MSCs did not improve spirometry following their administration to COPD patients; however, it was reported that C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker for systemic inflammation, was reduced 1–3 months after infusion. Earlier time-points were not assessed in detail in these trials, which limits further investigation of these changes [4, 5]. Identifying the fate of intravenously infused MSCs and the potential implications of their biodistribution, as well as short-term MSC-induced systemic changes that were not explored in previous trials will better delineate the utility of MSC treatment for COPD. Mesenchymal stromal cell infusion may provide an alternative immune-based therapeutic option for COPD patients The authors thank study participants and staff at Cell and Tissue Therapies WA at Royal Perth Hospital for the preparation and handling of MSCs used in the study. The authors also acknowledge the use of facilities, and the scientific and technical assistance of the Australian Microscopy and Microanalysis Research Facility at the Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, University of Western Australia, a facility funded by the University, State and Commonwealth Governments. We also thank the Medical Research Foundation at Royal Perth Hospital for the use of their laboratory facilities throughout the study. This study was supported by funding from Therapeutics Innovation Australia (TIA) and a National Health and Medical Research Council grant.