Axial-compression performance and finite element analysis of special-shaped tubular three-dimensional woven composites with different thicknesses and shapes

In this research, the self-reinforced structures tube preforms, which are the special-shaped tubular three-dimensional woven preforms, had been manufactured on semi-automatic looms. To prepare special-shaped tubular three-dimensional woven composites with different wall thicknesses and shapes, the vacuum-assisted resin transfer method was used by performing the prepared preform and resin as the reinforcement and matrix. Then, the axial compression performance was tested on a universal material testing machine. The results revealed that both the wall thicknesses and the shape had remarkable effects on the composites’ axial-compression properties. The performance of special-shaped tubular three-dimensional woven composites and normal tubular three-dimensional woven composites were compared and special-shaped tubular three-dimensional woven composites were better. Finally, finite element analysis was adopted in this research. The initial damage, stress evolution, and final failure of special-shaped tubular three-dimensional woven composites had been shown by the analysis. The stress concentration and failure mechanism of the composite materials after axial compression was revealed and the finite element model was correct and can predict the mechanical properties of special-shaped tubular three-dimensional woven composites.