Experiment and molecular dynamics simulation of functionalized cellulose nanocrystals as reinforcement in cement composites

材料科学 复合材料 抗弯强度 微观结构 纤维 水泥 抗压强度 硅酸盐水泥 水合硅酸钙 聚丙烯 扫描电子显微镜 衍射仪
作者
Qichang Fan,Xue Meng,Zhendong Li,Guangyuan Ma,Zhanpeng Wang,Kun Zhang,Chang He,Dan Meng
出处
期刊:Construction and Building Materials [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:341: 127879-127879 被引量:26
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.127879
摘要

This study evaluated the potential effect of cellulose nanocrystal and coated polyethylene fiber on the mechanical properties of mortar. Two kinds of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) directly as Nano-materials, and indirectly as film coated onto the polypropylene fibers were employed as cement-based reinforcement materials. The fluidity, flexural and compressive strength, and the microstructure of each specimen were measured. In the direct method, mortar mixed with the CNC containing carboxyl groups (CNC-C) showed superior properties compared to the CNC containing sulfo groups (CNC-S). The addition of CNC impacted the process of hydration and compactness of hydration products. The results of X-Ray polycrystalline diffractometer (XRD) and heat of hydration showed that CNC accelerated hydration process. Energy spectrum analysis (EDS) measured ratio of calcium to silicon (C/S) of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) and proved that CNC-C increased the tightness of C-S-H while CNC-S decreased. The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that cellulose nanocrystals were interspersed in C-S-H, forming Nano-bridge and arresting Nano-crack. In the indirect method, the maximum increase in flexural strength of sample between all groups was the specimen that adding 0.3% (volume ratio of fiber to mortar) of CNC-C coated polypropylene fibers. The flexural and compressive strength of the mortar were increased by 22.81% and 10.65% compared to the control, respectively. The results of SEM indicated that coating enhanced bond of the fibers/matrix. Molecular dynamics simulation (MD) analyzed the binding energy, microstructure, dynamic characteristics and adsorption conformation between two CNCs and C-S-H at the molecular scale. MD presented clearly that the adsorption energy between CNC-S and C-S-H was much smaller than CNC-C and C-S-H. This was identical with CNC-C enhancing the mechanical properties of the mortar and CNC-S reducing the mechanical properties.
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