变硬
材料科学
自愈水凝胶
聚合物
复合材料
热的
模数
纳米技术
热涨落
高分子化学
热力学
物理
作者
Jia Lin Wu,Baohu Wu,Jiaqing Xiong,Shengtong Sun,Peiyi Wu
标识
DOI:10.1002/anie.202204960
摘要
Thermal stiffening materials that are naturally soft but adaptively self-strengthen upon heat are intriguing for load-bearing and self-protection applications at elevated temperatures. However, to simultaneously achieve high modulus change amplitude and high mechanical strength at the stiffened state remains challenging. Herein, entropy-mediated polymer-mineral cluster interactions are exploited to afford thermal stiffening hydrogels with a record-high storage modulus enhancement of 13 000 times covering a super wide regime from 1.3 kPa to 17 MPa. Such a dramatic thermal stiffening effect is ascribed to the transition from liquid-liquid to solid-liquid phase separations, and at the molecular level, driven by enhanced polymer-cluster interactions. The hydrogel is further processed into sheath-core fibers and smart fabrics, which demonstrate self-strengthening and self-powered sensing properties by co-weaving another liquid metal fiber as both the joule heater and triboelectric layer.
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