In Ovo Feeding of Creatine Pyruvate Increases the Glycolysis Pathway, Glucose Transporter Gene Expression, and AMPK Phosphorylation in Breast Muscle of Neonatal Broilers

This study aims to investigate in ovo feeding (IOF) of creatine pyruvate (CrPyr) on glucose metabolism, hormone concentration, and the 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway in breast muscle of embryos and neonatal broilers. The three treatments were noninjected control, 0.75% NaCl treatment, and 12 mg CrPyr/egg treatment. The solution was injected on the 17.5 day of incubation. At hatch, 120 male broilers from each treatment were chosen for a 7 day feeding trial. Compared with other treatments, CrPyr treated broilers enhanced insulin and thyroxine levels in plasma, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration, hexokinase and pyruvate kinase activities, glucose transporter protein mRNA expressions, as well as protein abundances of phosphor-liver kinase B1 and phosphor-AMPK in breast muscle at hatch. In conclusion, IOF of CrPyr improved the energy status, increased the gene expression of glucose transporter proteins, and facilitated glycolysis in breast muscle, which may be associated with the activated AMPK pathway.