多倍体
生物
表观基因组
基因组
遗传学
代谢组
转录组
进化生物学
染色体
转座因子
后转座子
减数分裂
生殖隔离
基因组大小
基因组进化
基因
DNA甲基化
生物信息学
社会学
人口学
基因表达
代谢组学
人口
作者
Andrew R. Leitch,Ilia J. Leitch
出处
期刊:Science
[American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)]
日期:2008-04-25
卷期号:320 (5875): 481-483
被引量:767
标识
DOI:10.1126/science.1153585
摘要
Polyploidy, a change whereby the entire chromosome set is multiplied, arises through mitotic or meiotic misdivisions and frequently involves unreduced gametes and interspecific hybridization. The success of newly formed angiosperm polyploids is partly attributable to their highly plastic genome structure, as manifested by tolerance to changing chromosome numbers (aneuploidy and polyploidy), genome size, (retro)transposable element mobility, insertions, deletions, and epigenome restructuring. The ability to withstand large-scale changes, frequently within one or a few generations, is associated with a restructuring of the transcriptome, metabolome, and proteome and can result in an altered phenotype and ecology. Thus, polyploid-induced changes can generate individuals that are able to exploit new niches or to outcompete progenitor species. This process has been a major driving force behind the divergence of the angiosperms and their biodiversity.
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