细胞周期蛋白依赖激酶
生物
限制点
细胞分裂控制蛋白4
细胞周期
细胞生物学
Polo样激酶
泛素连接酶
细胞周期蛋白
细胞周期蛋白
CDK抑制剂
细胞周期蛋白
泛素
细胞
生物化学
基因
作者
Charles Spruck,Heimo Strohmaier
出处
期刊:Cell Cycle
[Informa]
日期:2002-07-01
卷期号:1 (4): 248-252
被引量:45
摘要
The eukaryotic cell cycle consists of a series of sequential phases, the order of which is highly regulated to ensure the faithful transmission of intact genome equivalents to daughter cells. Progression through the cell cycle depends on the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks), which drive the transitions between phases by targeting numerous, but largely unknown, substrates for phosphorylation. The activity of Cdks is subject to both positive and negative regulation by their temporal association with cyclins and Cdk inhibitors, respectively. Whereas Cdks are constitutively expressed throughout the cell cycle, the levels of cyclins and Cdk inhibitors are regulated by both transcriptional and post-transcriptional processes. The discovery that many cyclins and Cdk inhibitors are unstable proteins has implicated regulated protein degradation as a critical mechanism in cell cycle control. Proteolysis allows for the rapid removal of cell cycle regulators promoting irreversible transitions between cell cycle phases. The rapid removal of positive regulators prevents them from interfering with regulation of subsequent cell cycle events. In this review, we highlight the recent advances of our understanding of how a recently discovered ubiquitin ligase, designated SCF, contributes to mammalian cell cycle control.
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