钌红
染色
枯草芽孢杆菌
炭疽杆菌
负染色法
超微结构
孢子
钌
生物
糖蛋白
污渍
微生物学
化学
生物化学
电子显微镜
细菌
解剖
钙
有机化学
催化作用
物理
光学
遗传学
作者
Lashanda N. Waller,Nyssa F. Fox,Kevin Fox,Alvin Fox,Robert Price
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.mimet.2004.02.012
摘要
Ruthenium red is a polycationic stain used to visualize acid polysaccharides on the outer surface of cells. Ruthenium red staining followed by electron microscopic analysis was used to demonstrate the presence of an external glycoprotein layer surrounding the spore of both Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus subtilis. This layer is less apparent with traditional staining methods used for electron microscopy. Renografin gradients were used to purify B. subtilis spores. These purified spores displayed greatly enhanced staining with ruthenium red, indicating nonspecific binding of renografin, which has a major carbohydrate constituent, methylglucamine. For B. anthracis, staining with ruthenium red was sufficiently intense that it was not significantly enhanced by renografin purification. In addition to demonstrating a previously undiscovered layer surrounding the spores of B. subtilis, the results help explain a long-standing controversy as to ultrastructural differences among these genetically closely related organisms. Ruthenium red staining provides an important addition to the identification of surface glycoproteins in studies to define similarities and differences in the exosporium layers of Bacillus species.
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