Effect of Amine Surface Coverage on the Co-Adsorption of CO2 and Water: Spectral Deconvolution of Adsorbed Species

Three primary amine materials functionalized onto mesoporous silica with low, medium, and high surface amine coverages are prepared and evaluated for binary CO2/H2O adsorption under dilute conditions. Enhancement of amine efficiency due to humid adsorption is most pronounced for low surface amine coverage materials. In situ FT-IR spectra of adsorbed CO2 on these materials suggest this enhancement may be associated with the formation of bicarbonate species during adsorption on materials with low surface amine coverage, though such species are not observed on high surface coverage materials. On the materials with the lowest amine loading, bicarbonate is observed on longer time scales of adsorption, but only after spectral contributions from rapidly forming alkylammonium carbamate species are removed. This is the first time that direct evidence for bicarbonate formation, which is known to occur in liquid aqueous amine solutions, has been presented for CO2 adsorption on solid amine adsorbents.