Background: The voltage-dependent anion channels (VDAC) play an essential role in the cross talk between mitochondria and the rest of the cell. Their implication in cell life and cell death has been studied extensively in recent years. In this work we studied the impact of mitochondrial membrane (VDACs) on cell survival and response to X-ionizing radiation (IR) of human lymphoblastoid K562 cells. Keywords: 4, 4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2, 2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS), voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), reactive oxygen species (ROS), ionizing radiation, cell death, DNA strand breaks.