Surface modification of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) with a heparin-immobilized extracellular matrix (ECM) coating for small-diameter vascular grafts applications

细胞外基质 内膜增生 肝素 聚四氟乙烯 基底膜 涂层 生物医学工程 表面改性 新生内膜增生 粘附 内皮 材料科学 组织工程 化学 生物物理学 纳米技术 平滑肌 外科 解剖 复合材料 医学 生物化学 内科学 物理化学 再狭窄 支架 生物
作者
Chenglong Yu,Huaguang Yang,Lu Wang,James A. Thomson,Lih‐Sheng Turng,Guoping Guan
出处
期刊:Materials Science and Engineering: C [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:128: 112301-112301 被引量:34
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.msec.2021.112301
摘要

Intimal hyperplasia, thrombosis formation, and delayed endothelium regeneration are the main causes that restrict the clinical applications of PTFE small-diameter vascular grafts (inner diameter < 6 mm). An ideal strategy to solve such problems is to facilitate in situ endothelialization. Since the natural vascular endothelium adheres onto the basement membrane, which is a specialized form of extracellular matrix (ECM) secreted by endothelial cells (ECs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs), functionalizing PTFE with an ECM coating was proposed. However, besides ECs, the ECM-modified PTFE improved SMC growth as well, thereby increasing the risk of intimal hyperplasia. In the present study, heparin was immobilized on the ECM coating at different densities (4.89 ± 1.02 μg/cm2, 7.24 ± 1.56 μg/cm2, 15.63 ± 2.45 μg/cm2, and 26.59 ± 3.48 μg/cm2), aiming to develop a bio-favorable environment that possessed excellent hemocompatibility and selectively inhibited SMC growth while promoting endothelialization. The results indicated that a low heparin density (4.89 ± 1.02 μg/cm2) was not enough to restrict platelet adhesion, whereas a high heparin density (26.59 ± 3.48 μg/cm2) resulted in decreased EC growth and enhanced SMC proliferation. Therefore, a heparin density at 7.24 ± 1.56 μg/cm2 was the optimal level in terms of antithrombogenicity, endothelialization, and SMC inhibition. Collectively, this study proposed a heparin-immobilized ECM coating to modify PTFE, offering a promising means to functionalize biomaterials for developing small-diameter vascular grafts.
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