Development of Ultrasensitive Biomimetic Auditory Hair Cells Based on Piezoresistive Hydrogel Nanocomposites

材料科学 毛细胞 压阻效应 灵敏度(控制系统) 纳米复合材料 音频 声学 纳米技术 复合材料 触觉传感器 导电体 生物相容性材料 光电子学 声压 耳蜗 生物医学工程 计算机科学 电子工程 工程类 医学 物理 解剖 人工智能 机器人
作者
Hadi Ahmadi,Hamed Moradi,Christopher J. Pastras,S.A. Moshizi,Shuying Wu,Mohsen Asadnia
出处
期刊:ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces [American Chemical Society]
卷期号:13 (37): 44904-44915 被引量:26
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsami.1c12515
摘要

With an ageing population, hearing disorders are predicted to rise considerably in the following decades. Thus, developing a new class of artificial auditory system has been highlighted as one of the most exciting research topics for biomedical applications. Herein, a design of a biocompatible piezoresistive-based artificial hair cell sensor is presented consisting of a highly flexible and conductive polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanocomposite with vertical graphene nanosheets (VGNs). The bilayer hydrogel sensor demonstrates excellent performance to mimic biological hair cells, responding to acoustic stimuli in the audible range between 60 Hz to 20 kHz. The sensor output demonstrates stable mid-frequency regions (∼4-9 kHz), with the greatest sensitivity as high frequencies (∼13-20 kHz). This is somewhat akin to the mammalian auditory system, which has remarkable sensitivity and sharp tuning at high frequencies due to the "active process". This work validates the PVA/VGN sensor as a potential candidate to play a similar functional role to that of the cochlear hair cells, which also operate over a wide frequency domain in a viscous environment. Further characterizations of the sensor show that increasing the sound amplitude results in higher responses from the sensor while taking it to the depth drops the sensor outputs due to attenuation of sound in water. Meanwhile, the acoustic pressure distribution of sound waves is predicted through finite element analysis, whereby the numerical results are in perfect agreement with experimental data. This proof-of-concept work creates a platform for the future design of susceptible, flexible biomimetic sensors to closely mimic the biological cochlea.
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