前额叶腹内侧皮质
前额叶皮质
心理学
惩罚(心理学)
神经心理学
爱荷华赌博任务
认知心理学
认知
任务(项目管理)
神经科学
自参考效应
认知科学
发展心理学
消费者神经科学
经济
管理
作者
Antoine Bechara,António R. Damásio,Hanna Damásio,Steven W. Anderson
出处
期刊:Cognition
[Elsevier]
日期:1994-04-01
卷期号:50 (1-3): 7-15
被引量:5234
标识
DOI:10.1016/0010-0277(94)90018-3
摘要
Following damage to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, humans develop a defect in real-life decision-making, which contrasts with otherwise normal intellectual functions. Currently, there is no neuropsychological probe to detect in the laboratory, and the cognitive and neural mechanisms responsible for this defect have resisted explanation. Here, using a novel task which simulates real-life decision-making in the way it factors uncertainty of premises and outcomes, as well as reward and punishment, we find that prefrontal patients, unlike controls, are oblivious to the future consequences of their actions, and seem to be guided by immediate prospects only. This finding offers, for the first time, the possibility of detecting these patients' elusive impairment in the laboratory, measuring it, and investigating its possible causes.
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