Impact of hematite on dust absorption at wavelengths ranging from 0.2 to 1.0 µm: an evaluation of literature data using the T-matrix method

Hematite is the absorbing mineral component of dust aerosols in the shortwave spectral region. However, dust shortwave absorption related to hematite suffers from significant uncertainties. In this study, we evaluated available hematite complex refractive index data in the literature on determining the dust effective refractive index at wavelengths ranging from 0.2 to 1.0 µ m using rigorous T-matrix methods. Both spherical and super-spheroidal dust with hematite inclusions were examined to compute the dust optical properties and associated effective refractive indices. We found that the imaginary part of the effective refractive index retrieved from all available hematite complex refractive index data is larger than the measured effective values from Di Biagio et al. [ Atmos. Chem. Phys. 19 , 15503 , ( 2019 ) 10.5194/acp-19-15503-2019 ]. The result obtained using the hematite refractive index from Hsu and Matijevic [ Appl. Opt. 24 1623 ( 1985 ) 10.1364/AO.24.001623 ] is closest to but approximately two times larger than Di Biagio et al. [ Atmos. Chem. Phys. 19 , 15503 , ( 2019 ) 10.5194/acp-19-15503-2019 ]. Our results emphasize the importance of accurate measurements of mineral refractive indices to clarify the dust absorption enigma.