Three-Component Solvent-Free Synthesis of 3, 4-Dihydropyrimidones and Thiones by Iron-Phosphonate Nanoparticle

Organic-inorganic hybrid nanomaterials have been prepared through cooperative assembly of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), Iron(ΙΙΙ)nitrate, and (Nitrilotris(methylene)) triphosphonic acid (NMPA). Surfactant is used as a structure directing agent, while the other two chemicals are used as precursors for the formation of pore walls. The structure of the synthesized iron phosphonate nanomaterials was fully characterized by using different spectra such as FT-IR, VSM, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), EDX and XRD. The SEM analyze confirmed a hollow spherical micromorphology with well-defined porosity. Obtained hybrid organic and inorganic Nano catalyst has high performance in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds. Therefore, the reaction of aldehyde aromatic, urea and ethyl acetoacetate was performed in the presence of the catalytic amount of Fe- NMPA under solvent-free conditions. The 3, 4-dihydropyrimidin (1H)-ones/thiones derivatives were obtained in high yield and short reaction time. The products of the reaction were characterized by physical data and FT-IR spectrum. This method has several advantages such as a recyclable catalyst, easy workup, and not using a volatile organic solvent.