Highly efficient charge generation and electron injection of m-MTDATA/m-MTDATA:HAT-CN/HAT-CN organic heterojunction on ITO cathode for high efficiency inverted white organic light-emitting diodes

The charge generation and electron injection characteristics of m-MTDATA/m-MTDATA:HAT-CN/HAT-CN organic heterojunction made of 4,4′,4″-tris(N-3-methylphenyl-N-phenylamino)triphenylamine (m-MTDATA) p-type organic semiconductor and 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbonitrile (HAT-CN) n-type semiconductor were well studied. It was found that m-MTDATA/m-MTDATA:HAT-CN/HAT-CN organic heterojunction showed better charge generation ability than m-MTDATA/HAT-CN organic heterojuntion, and realized highly efficient electron injection when using it as charge generator on indium tin oxide (ITO) cathode. The investigations of capacitance-frequency and current density-voltage characteristics of the electron-only devices based on m-MTDATA/m-MTDATA:HAT-CN/HAT-CN organic heterojunction demonstrated that the amounts of the injected electrons were dependent on the properties of the used n-doping electron transporting layer (n-ETL). Therefore, by optimization, high efficiency inverted white organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with ITO as cathode were successfully fabricated using m-MTDATA/m-MTDATA:HAT-CN/HAT-CN organic heterojunction as charge injector and lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) doped bathophenanthroline (BPhen) as n-ETL. The resulting inverted white OLEDs achieved the maximum external quantum efficiency of 12.9%, current efficiency of 42.6 cd/A and power efficiency of 50.5 lm/W, and still remained 12.5%, 41.0 cd/A and 45.0 lm/W at the luminance of 1000 cd/m2, respectively, exhibiting extremely low efficiency roll-off.