材料科学
薄膜
退火(玻璃)
微晶
钙钛矿(结构)
结晶度
碘化物
化学工程
光电子学
纳米技术
复合材料
无机化学
工程类
化学
冶金
作者
Manuel A. Reus,Lennart K. Reb,Alexander F. Weinzierl,Christian L. Weindl,Renjun Guo,Tianxiao Xiao,Matthias Schwartzkopf,Andrei Chumakov,Stephan V. Roth,Peter Müller‐Buschbaum
标识
DOI:10.1002/adom.202102722
摘要
Abstract Scalable thin‐film deposition methods are increasingly important for hybrid lead halide perovskite thin films. Understanding the structure evolution during non‐equilibrium processes helps to find suitable materials and processing parameters to produce films with well‐performing optoelectronic properties. Here, spin‐cast and slot‐die coated bilayers of lead iodide (PbI 2 ) and methylammonium iodide (MAI) are investigated by in situ grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering during the thermal annealing process, which converts the bilayer into methylammonium lead iodide (MAPI). Photoluminescence (PL) and UV/Vis measurements show increasing crystallinity during the annealing process and a slight PL red‐shift of the spin‐cast film, attributed to crystallite coalescence that is not prominent for the slot‐die coated film. The disintegration of the solvent‐precursor complex (MA) 2 (Pb 3 I 8 ) ⋅ 2 DMSO and conversion into perovskite are followed in situ and differences in the morphology and time evolution are observed. In both, spin‐cast and slot‐die coated thin‐films, the isotropic orientation is dominant, however, in the slot‐die coated films, the perovskite crystallites have an additional face‐on orientation ((110) parallel to substrate) that is not detected in spin‐cast films. An Avrami model is applied for the perovskite crystal growth that indicates reduced dimensionality of the growth for the printed thin films.
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