Oral Dimethyl Fumarate Targets HCA2-Expressing Skin Cells in the Imiquimod Mouse Model

Oral dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is widely used for the systemic treatment of psoriasis in European countries and for multiple sclerosis worldwide (Landeck et al., 2018; Miller et al., 2015). DMF is rapidly hydrolyzed to monomethyl fumarate (MMF) in vivo (Mrowietz et al., 2018), and DMF is not detectable in the blood of patients or healthy individuals after oral administration (Rostami-Yazdi et al., 2010). Despite extensive research, a defined mode of action for oral DMF treatment has yet to be fully explained.