流出
核素
环境科学
微粒
核电站
废水
污水处理
流入
沉积作用
生活污水管
活性污泥
示踪剂
化学
环境工程
物理
地质学
气象学
核物理学
古生物学
有机化学
沉积物
作者
Volker Hormann,Helmut W Fischer
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.est.8b01553
摘要
A compartmental model for the reactive flow of the radioisotope 131I, frequently introduced into the sewer system at varying concentrations through radiotherapy of thyroid diseases, has been developed for an existing municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). It includes the transition of activity from dissolved to suspended particulate and colloid matter, and the separation of phases in sedimentation basins. It has been parametrized by experimental data obtained at key locations in the plant, and validated by measured time series of activity concentration of inflow and outflow. It can be used to predict concentrations at various locations in the WWTP, including outflow and primary sludge. It can also be reparameterized to be applied to other WWTPs based on activated sludge systems. In principle, a modification for the simulation of other nuclides is possible as well. As radioisotopes of iodine form an important part of accidental releases from nuclear power plants, they are monitored, and their environmental behavior is predicted by models. The present work can contribute to these efforts by improving predictions of radioiodine transport in the public sewer system.
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