低流变区
下涌
环境科学
水文学(农业)
溶解有机碳
地下水
溪流
有机质
上升流
地表水
含水层
生物地球化学
地质学
生态学
海洋学
环境工程
计算机科学
生物
计算机网络
岩土工程
作者
Andrew J. Boulton,Stuart E. G. Findlay,Pierre Marmonier,Emily H. Stanley,H. Maurice Valett
出处
期刊:Annual review of ecology and systematics
[Annual Reviews]
日期:1998-11-01
卷期号:29 (1): 59-81
被引量:1043
标识
DOI:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.29.1.59
摘要
▪ Abstract The hyporheic zone is an active ecotone between the surface stream and groundwater. Exchanges of water, nutrients, and organic matter occur in response to variations in discharge and bed topography and porosity. Upwelling subsurface water supplies stream organisms with nutrients while downwelling stream water provides dissolved oxygen and organic matter to microbes and invertebrates in the hyporheic zone. Dynamic gradients exist at all scales and vary temporally. At the microscale, gradients in redox potential control chemical and microbially mediated nutrient transformations occurring on particle surfaces. At the stream-reach scale, hydrological exchange and water residence time are reflected in gradients in hyporheic faunal composition, uptake of dissolved organic carbon, and nitrification. The hyporheic corridor concept describes gradients at the catchment scale, extending to alluvial aquifers kilometers from the main channel. Across all scales, the functional significance of the hyporheic zone relates to its activity and connection with the surface stream.
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