Renal Neoplasms Amenable to Partial Nephrectomy: MR Imaging

PURPOSE: To determine the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging characteristics of renal lesions in patients who undergo technically successful partial nephrectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between February 1991 and September 1997, 38 patients (41 lesions) who underwent partial nephrectomy at a single institution were preoperatively evaluated with contrast material–enhanced, multiplanar, surface-coil MR imaging. Imaging findings that could affect the decision to perform partial nephrectomy were retrospectively evaluated: tumor size; tumor location; presence of pseudocapsule; suspected tumor invasion of renal sinus fat, renal collecting system, renal vein, or perinephric fat; and morphologic and physiologic status of the contralateral kidney. Correlation was made with surgical and pathologic findings. RESULTS: Thirty-three of 41 lesions (80%) were renal cell carcinomas, five were oncocytic neoplasms (12%), two were hemorrhagic cysts (5%), and one was an angiomyolipoma (2%). Twenty-four of 41 (59%) lesions had pseudocapsules. In most cases, the perinephric fat (n = 38 [93%]), the renal sinus fat (n = 31 [76%]), and the renal collecting system (n = 39 [95%]) were correctly interpreted as being uninvolved by tumor. CONCLUSION: Renal neoplasms amenable to partial nephrectomy can be identified and characterized with contrast-enhanced, multiplanar, surface-coil MR imaging.