表观遗传学
生物
端粒
基因组不稳定性
DNA甲基化
遗传学
组蛋白
癌症表观遗传学
神经发生的表观遗传调控
DNA修复
DNA损伤
基因
组蛋白甲基转移酶
DNA
基因表达
标识
DOI:10.1152/japplphysiol.00238.2010
摘要
Aging is a multifaceted process characterized by genetic and epigenetic changes in the genome. The genetic component of aging received initially all of the attention. Telomere attrition and accumulation of mutations due to a progressive deficiency in the repair of DNA damage with age remain leading causes of genomic instability. However, epigenetic mechanisms have now emerged as key contributors to the alterations of genome structure and function that accompany aging. The three pillars of epigenetic regulation are DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNA species. Alterations of these epigenetic mechanisms affect the vast majority of nuclear processes, including gene transcription and silencing, DNA replication and repair, cell cycle progression, and telomere and centromere structure and function. Here, we summarize the lines of evidence indicating that these epigenetic defects might represent a major factor in the pathophysiology of aging and aging-related diseases, especially cancer.
科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI