Highly effective synthesis of biomass-derived furanic diethers over a sulfonated zirconium–carbon coordination catalyst in alcohol systems

A sulfonated zirconium–carbon coordination catalyst (Zr-GC-SO 3 H-1.0), containing Zr 4+ –O 2− pairs and –SO 3 H groups, showed excellent catalytic activity, stability and universality for the synthesis of various biomass-derived furanic diethers.