Progress on the functional role of oleosin gene family in plants.

Oil bodies, also known as lipid droplets or oil droplets, are important organelles for oil storage in plant cells. The oil body is composed of a monolayer of phospholipid membrane encapsulating neutral fatty acids, and a variety of membrane proteins are embedded in the membrane, including oleosin, caleosin and steroleosin, of which oleosin accounts for 80%-90%. Oleosin plays important biological roles in various biological roles, such as affecting the size and stability of oil bodies, formation and degradation of oil bodies, lipid metabolism, and seed maturation and germination. In this review, we summarize the sequence and structural characteristics of oleosin and its important role in plant growth and development based on the research progress of plant oleosin gene families at home and abroad in recent years. Additionally, we discuss the application of oleosin in actual production and problems in the research and application, in order to provide a useful reference for people to further study the functions of oleosin-related molecules and their application in production practice.油体也称脂滴或油滴，是植物细胞中一种重要的储藏油脂的细胞器。油体由单层磷脂膜包裹中性脂肪酸组成，膜上镶嵌有多种膜蛋白，包括油体蛋白、油体钙蛋白和油体固醇蛋白，其中油体蛋白占80%~90%。油体蛋白在影响油体大小与稳定性、油体形成和降解、脂质代谢、种子成熟及萌发等多种生命活动中都发挥着重要的生物学作用。本文结合近些年国内外关于植物油体蛋白基因家族的研究进展系统总结了油体蛋白序列与结构特征及在植物生长发育中所扮演的重要角色，讨论了油体蛋白作为一种新型植物蛋白在实际生产中的应用场景和油体蛋白研究及应用过程中仍存在的一些问题，以期为人们后期更加深入研究植物油体蛋白相关分子功能及在生产实践中应用提供有益的参考。.