Prioritizing working memory resources depends on prefrontal cortex

工作记忆 前额叶皮质 认知心理学 神经科学 心理学 自适应存储器 背外侧前额叶皮质 后顶叶皮质 计算机科学 认知
作者
Grace E. Hallenbeck,Nathan Tardiff,Thomas C. Sprague,Clayton E. Curtis
出处
期刊:The Journal of Neuroscience [Society for Neuroscience]
卷期号:: e1552242025-e1552242025
标识
DOI:10.1523/jneurosci.1552-24.2025
摘要

How the prefrontal cortex contributes to working memory remains controversial, as theories differ in their emphasis on its role in storing memories versus controlling their content. To adjudicate between these competing ideas, we tested how perturbations to the human (both sexes) lateral prefrontal cortex impact the storage and control aspects of working memory during a task that requires human subjects to allocate resources to memory items based on their behavioral priority. Our computational model made a strong prediction that disruption of this control process would counterintuitively improve memory for low-priority items. Remarkably, transcranial magnetic stimulation of retinotopically-defined superior precentral sulcus, but not intraparietal sulcus, unbalanced the prioritization of resources, improving memory for low-priority items as predicted by the model. Therefore, these results provide direct causal support for models in which the prefrontal cortex controls the allocation of resources that support working memory, rather than simply storing the features of memoranda. Significance statement Although higher-order cognition depends on working memory, the resources that support our memory are severely limited in capacity. To mitigate this limitation, we allocate memory resources according to the behavioral relevance of items. Nonetheless, the neural basis of these abilities remains unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that a region in lateral prefrontal cortex controls prioritization in working memory. Indeed, perturbing this region with transcranial magnetic stimulation disrupted the prioritization of working memory resources. Our results provide causal evidence for the hypothesis that prefrontal cortex primarily controls the allocation of memory resources, rather than storing the contents of working memory.

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