精神病理学
心理学
个性化医疗
转化研究
生物标志物
神经影像学
数据科学
神经科学
临床心理学
医学
计算机科学
生物信息学
生物
生物化学
病理
作者
Brian Kraus,Richard E. Zinbarg,Rodrigo M. Braga,Robin Nusslock,Vijay A. Mittal,Caterina Gratton
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105259
摘要
A main goal in translational neuroscience is to identify neural correlates of psychopathology ("biomarkers") that can be used to facilitate diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. This goal has led to substantial research into how psychopathology symptoms relate to large-scale brain systems. However, these efforts have not yet resulted in practical biomarkers used in clinical practice. One reason for this underwhelming progress may be that many study designs focus on increasing sample size instead of collecting additional data within each individual. This focus limits the reliability and predictive validity of brain and behavioral measures in any one person. As biomarkers exist at the level of individuals, an increased focus on validating them within individuals is warranted. We argue that personalized models, estimated from extensive data collection within individuals, can address these concerns. We review evidence from two, thus far separate, lines of research on personalized models of (1) psychopathology symptoms and (2) fMRI measures of brain networks. We close by proposing approaches uniting personalized models across both domains to improve biomarker research.
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