Relationship Among Diabetes, Obesity, and Cardiovascular Disease Phenotypes: A UK Biobank Cohort Study

医学 糖尿病 内科学 超重 心肌梗塞 肥胖 2型糖尿病 动脉硬化 心脏病学 冲程(发动机) 射血分数 内分泌学 心力衰竭 血压 机械工程 工程类
作者
Oliver Brown,Michael Drozd,Hugo McGowan,Marilena Giannoudi,Marcella Conning-Rowland,John Gierula,Sam Straw,Stephen B. Wheatcroft,Katherine Bridge,Lee D. Roberts,Eylem Levelt,Ramzi Ajjan,Kathryn J Griffin,Marc A. Bailey,Mark T. Kearney,Richard M. Cubbon
出处
期刊:Diabetes Care [American Diabetes Association]
卷期号:46 (8): 1531-1540 被引量:18
标识
DOI:10.2337/dc23-0294
摘要

OBJECTIVE Obesity and diabetes frequently coexist, yet their individual contributions to cardiovascular risk remain debated. We explored cardiovascular disease biomarkers, events, and mortality in the UK Biobank stratified by BMI and diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 451,355 participants were stratified by ethnicity-specific BMI categories (normal, overweight, obese) and diabetes status. We examined cardiovascular biomarkers including carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), arterial stiffness, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and cardiac contractility index (CCI). Poisson regression models estimated adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and cardiovascular death, with normal-weight nondiabetes as comparator. RESULTS Five percent of participants had diabetes (10% normal weight, 34% overweight, and 55% obese vs. 34%, 43%, and 23%, respectively, without diabetes). In the nondiabetes group, overweight/obesity was associated with higher CIMT, arterial stiffness, and CCI and lower LVEF (P < 0.005); these relationships were diminished in the diabetes group. Within BMI classes, diabetes was associated with adverse cardiovascular biomarker phenotype (P < 0.005), particularly in the normal-weight group. After 5,323,190 person-years follow-up, incident myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and cardiovascular mortality rose across increasing BMI categories without diabetes (P < 0.005); this was comparable in the diabetes groups (P-interaction > 0.05). Normal-weight diabetes had comparable adjusted cardiovascular mortality to obese nondiabetes (IRR 1.22 [95% CI 0.96–1.56]; P = 0.1). CONCLUSIONS Obesity and diabetes are additively associated with adverse cardiovascular biomarkers and mortality risk. While adiposity metrics are more strongly correlated with cardiovascular biomarkers than diabetes-oriented metrics, both correlate weakly, suggesting that other factors underpin the high cardiovascular risk of normal-weight diabetes.
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