Bi2Se3/PAAS Hydrogels with Photothermal and Antioxidant Properties for Bacterial Infection Wound Therapy by Improving Vascular Function and Regulating Glycolipid Metabolism

Abstract Skin is the largest organ in the human body, and it is also the most important natural barrier. However, some accidents can cause skin damage. Bacterial infections and inflammatory reactions can hinder wound healing. Therefore, eliminating bacterial infections and regulating oxidative stress are essential. The use of antibiotics is no longer sufficient because of bacterial resistance. The development of new nanomaterials provides another way of thinking about bacterial drug resistance. In this study, bismuth selenide is modified with polyethylpyrrolidone to obtain a 2D nanomaterial with negligible toxicity and then added to a sodium polyacrylate hydrogel, which is nontoxic and has strong tissue adhesion and a weak antibacterial effect. To further enhance antibacterial performance, photothermal therapy is a good strategy. Under near‐infrared light, Bi 2 Se 3 /PAAS shows a strong bactericidal effect. Bi 2 Se 3 /PAAS hydrogels also have certain antioxidant effects and are used to remove excess free radicals from wound infections. The effective therapeutic effect of Bi 2 Se 3 /PAAS/NIR on methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus ( MRSA ) infection is further verified in animal models. Transcriptome analysis reveals that the Bi 2 Se 3 /PAAS hydrogel improves the function of vascular endothelial cells, regulates glucose and lipid metabolism, and promotes the healing of infected wounds.