Universal selenium nanoadjuvant with immunopotentiating and redox-shaping activities inducing high-quality immunity for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine

The COVID-19 pandemic still greatly threatens the public health worldwide and novel vaccines to highly effectively combat SARS-CoV-2 remains an unmet clinical need. However, redox imbalance in immune cells under extra stimulation by vaccine or pathogens greatly dampens the quality of the induced immunity.1 In addition, people infected with COVID-19 that characterized by immune system malfunction were also approved to be attributed by the robust oxidative stress,2 indicating the crucial roles of regulation of redox balance in the metabolic rewiring of immune cells and its activation. Therefore, the development of novel vaccines with redox regulation and superior immuno-potentiating properties to combat against SARS-CoV-2 will be greatly desired.