Impact of boar exposure on puberty attainment and breeding outcomes in gilts

We examined the most effective method of boar exposure for the attainment of puberty in 89 gilts. At 160 days of age, we allocated gilts to daily direct contact with a vasectomized boar after movement of pen groups of gilts to a detection–mating area (DGB: n=30); daily direct contact with boars in the gilt home pens (DBG: n=31); or daily fenceline contact between boars and gilts housed in individual gilt stalls (FBG: n=28). DGB gilts were younger (P≤0.05) than FBG gilts at puberty. Direct boar contact reduced the interval from initial boar contact to puberty in DGB and DBG gilts, compared to fenceline contact in FBG gilts (P<0.05). There was no difference (P≥0.05) between treatment for pubertal weight, backfat, lifetime growth rate, or duration of first pubertal estrus. Backfat depth and leptin concentration at 160 days of age were positively correlated (P≤0.05). We detected no relationships between leptin or IGF-1 concentration at 160 days of age and the interval from initial exposure to a vasectomized boar to puberty (P>0.05). Based on objective criteria, fenceline contact with a boar (BC) during artificial insemination improved the quality of artificial insemination compared to no boar contact (NC) (P<0.05).