Non-biologic, steroid-sparing therapies for non-infectious intermediate, posterior, and panuveitis in adults

医学 硫唑嘌呤 他克莫司 霉酚酸 甲氨蝶呤 安慰剂 内科学 临床试验 随机对照试验 移植 疾病 病理 替代医学
作者
Rebecca G Edwards Mayhew,Tianjing Li,Paul McCann,Louis Leslie,Anne Strong Caldwell,Alan G. Palestine
出处
期刊:The Cochrane library [Elsevier]
卷期号:2022 (10) 被引量:4
标识
DOI:10.1002/14651858.cd014831.pub2
摘要

Background Non‐infectious intermediate, posterior, and panuveitis (NIIPPU) represent a heterogenous collection of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders isolated to or concentrated in the posterior structures of the eye. Because NIIPPU is typically a chronic condition, people with NIIPPU frequently require treatment with steroid‐sparing immunosuppressive therapy. Methotrexate, mycophenolate, cyclosporine, azathioprine, and tacrolimus are non‐biologic, disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) which have been used to treat people with NIIPPU. Objectives To compare the effectiveness and safety of selected DMARDs (methotrexate, mycophenolate mofetil, tacrolimus, cyclosporine, and azathioprine) in the treatment of NIIPPU in adults. Search methods We searched CENTRAL (which contains the Cochrane Eyes and Vision Trials Register), MEDLINE, Embase, the Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences database, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, most recently on 16 April 2021. Selection criteria We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing selected DMARDs (methotrexate, mycophenolate, tacrolimus, cyclosporine, and azathioprine) with placebo, standard of care (topical steroids, with or without oral steroids), or with each other. Data collection and analysis We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. Main results We included 11 RCTs with a total of 601 participants in this review. DMARDs versus control Two studies compared an experimental DMARD (cyclosporine A or enteric‐coated mycophenolate [EC‐MPS]) plus oral steroid with steroid monotherapy. We did not pool these results into a meta‐analysis because the dose of cyclosporine used was much higher than that used in current clinical practice. The evidence is very uncertain about whether EC‐MPS plus low‐dose oral steroid results in a higher proportion of participants achieving control of inflammation over steroid monotherapy (risk ratio [RR] 2.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10 to 7.17; 1 study, 41 participants; very low‐certainty evidence). The change in best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was reported separately for right and left eyes. The evidence for improvement (lower logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) indicates better vision) between the groups is very uncertain (mean difference [MD] ‐0.03 and ‐0.10, 95% CI ‐0.96 to 0.90 and ‐0.27 to 0.07 for right and left, respectively; 1 study, 82 eyes; very low‐certainty evidence). No data were available for the following outcomes: proportion of participants achieving a 2‐line improvement in visual acuity, with confirmed macular edema, or achieving steroid‐sparing control. The evidence for the proportion of participants requiring cessation of medication in the DMARD versus control group is very uncertain (RR 2.61, 95% CI 0.11 to 60.51; 1 study, 41 participants; very low‐certainty evidence). Methotrexate versus mycophenolate We were able to combine two studies into a meta‐analysis comparing methotrexate versus mycophenolate mofetil. Methotrexate probably results in a slight increase in the proportion of participants achieving control of inflammation, including steroid‐sparing control, compared to mycophenolate at six months (RR 1.23, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.50; 2 studies, 261 participants; moderate‐certainty evidence). Change in BCVA was reported per eye and the treatments likely result in little to no difference in change in vision (MD 0.01 logMAR higher [worse] for methotrexate versus mycophenolate; 2 studies, 490 eyes; moderate‐certainty evidence). No data were available for the proportion of participants achieving a 2‐line improvement in visual acuity. The evidence is very uncertain regarding the proportion of participants with confirmed macular edema between methotrexate versus mycophenolate (RR 0.49, 95% CI 0.19 to 1.30; 2 studies, 35 eyes; very low‐certainty). Methotrexate versus mycophenolate may result in little to no difference in the proportion of participants requiring cessation of medication (RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.43 to 2.27; 2 studies, 296 participants; low‐certainty evidence). Steroids with or without azathioprine versus cyclosporine A Four studies compared steroids with or without azathioprine (oral steroids, intravenous [IV] steroids, or azathioprine) to cyclosporine A. We excluded two studies from the meta‐analysis because the participants were treated with 8 mg to 15 mg/kg/day of cyclosporine A, a significantly higher dose than is utilized today because of concerns for nephrotoxicity. The remaining two studies were conducted in all Vogt‐Koyanagi‐Harada disease (VKH) populations and compared cyclosporine A to azathioprine or IV pulse‐dose steroids. The evidence is very uncertain for whether the steroids with or without azathioprine or cyclosporine A influenced the proportion of participants achieving control of inflammation (RR 0.84, 95% CI 0.70 to 1.02; 2 studies, 112 participants; very low‐certainty evidence), achieving steroid‐sparing control (RR 0.64, 95% CI 0.33 to 1.25; 1 study, 21 participants; very low‐certainty evidence), or requiring cessation of medication (RR 0.85, 95% 0.21 to 3.45; 2 studies, 91 participants; very low‐certainty evidence). The evidence is uncertain for improvement in BCVA (MD 0.04 logMAR lower [better] with the steroids with or without azathioprine versus cyclosporine A; 2 studies, 91 eyes; very low‐certainty evidence). There were no data available (with current cyclosporine A dosing) for the proportion of participants achieving a 2‐line improvement in visual acuity or with confirmed macular edema. Studies not included in synthesis We were unable to include three studies in any of the comparisons (in addition to the aforementioned studies excluded based on historic doses of cyclosporine A). One was a dose‐response study comparing cyclosporine A to cyclosporine G, a formulation which was never licensed and is not clinically available. We excluded another study from meta‐analysis because it compared cyclosporine A and tacrolimus, considered to be of the same class (calcineurin inhibitors). We were unable to combine the third study, which examined tacrolimus monotherapy versus tacrolimus plus oral steroid, with any group. Authors' conclusions There is a paucity of data regarding which DMARD is most effective or safe in NIIPPU. Studies in general were small, heterogenous in terms of their design and outcome measures, and often did not compare different classes of DMARD with each other. Methotrexate is probably slightly more efficacious than mycophenolate in achieving control of inflammation, including steroid‐sparing control (moderate‐certainty evidence), although there was insufficient evidence to prefer one medication over the other in the VKH subgroup (very low‐certainty evidence). Methotrexate may result in little to no difference in safety outcomes compared to mycophenolate.
最长约 10秒,即可获得该文献文件

科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI
更新
PDF的下载单位、IP信息已删除 (2025-6-4)

科研通是完全免费的文献互助平台,具备全网最快的应助速度,最高的求助完成率。 对每一个文献求助,科研通都将尽心尽力,给求助人一个满意的交代。
实时播报
木雨亦潇潇完成签到,获得积分10
4秒前
香蕉觅云应助nine2652采纳,获得10
6秒前
量子星尘发布了新的文献求助10
10秒前
芳华如梦完成签到 ,获得积分10
12秒前
12秒前
13秒前
13秒前
土豆丝完成签到 ,获得积分10
13秒前
琦琦完成签到,获得积分10
22秒前
zzzz完成签到,获得积分20
27秒前
GEZIKU完成签到 ,获得积分10
28秒前
35秒前
42秒前
赵三岁发布了新的文献求助10
49秒前
wwb完成签到,获得积分10
52秒前
56秒前
57秒前
肯德基没有黄焖鸡完成签到 ,获得积分10
57秒前
能干冰露完成签到,获得积分10
1分钟前
牛奶拌可乐完成签到 ,获得积分10
1分钟前
量子星尘发布了新的文献求助30
1分钟前
周小鱼完成签到 ,获得积分10
1分钟前
1分钟前
1分钟前
老张完成签到,获得积分10
1分钟前
1分钟前
zhugao完成签到,获得积分10
1分钟前
1分钟前
南风知我意完成签到,获得积分10
1分钟前
朴实寻琴完成签到 ,获得积分10
1分钟前
可可可爱完成签到 ,获得积分10
1分钟前
lsy完成签到,获得积分10
1分钟前
量子星尘发布了新的文献求助10
1分钟前
1分钟前
1分钟前
hwen1998完成签到 ,获得积分10
1分钟前
1分钟前
1分钟前
wwb发布了新的文献求助10
1分钟前
1分钟前
高分求助中
【提示信息,请勿应助】关于scihub 10000
Les Mantodea de Guyane: Insecta, Polyneoptera [The Mantids of French Guiana] 3000
徐淮辽南地区新元古代叠层石及生物地层 3000
The Mother of All Tableaux: Order, Equivalence, and Geometry in the Large-scale Structure of Optimality Theory 3000
Handbook of Industrial Diamonds.Vol2 1100
Global Eyelash Assessment scale (GEA) 1000
Picture Books with Same-sex Parented Families: Unintentional Censorship 550
热门求助领域 (近24小时)
化学 材料科学 医学 生物 工程类 有机化学 生物化学 物理 内科学 纳米技术 计算机科学 化学工程 复合材料 遗传学 基因 物理化学 催化作用 冶金 细胞生物学 免疫学
热门帖子
关注 科研通微信公众号,转发送积分 4038029
求助须知:如何正确求助?哪些是违规求助? 3575740
关于积分的说明 11373751
捐赠科研通 3305559
什么是DOI,文献DOI怎么找? 1819224
邀请新用户注册赠送积分活动 892652
科研通“疑难数据库(出版商)”最低求助积分说明 815022