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Fate of sulfamethoxazole in wetland sediment under controlled redox conditions

环境化学 氧化还原 化学 环境科学 沉积物 湿地 地质学 生态学 生物 无机化学 地貌学
作者
Yujie He,Longxue Jiang,Xuan Wu,Wenhui Zhang,Zong Yao,Jiacheng Wang,Jinmei Chen,Jun Shan,Deyang Kong,Rong Ji
出处
期刊:Water Research [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:254: 121350-121350 被引量:2
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2024.121350
摘要

Redox condition is an important controlling factor for contaminant removal in constructed wetlands; however, the redox-sensitivity of antibiotic removal in wetland sediments under controlled conditions with specific electron acceptors remains unclear. Here, using a 14C radioactive tracer, we explored fate of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in a wetland sediment slurry under oxic, nitrate-reducing, iron-reducing, and methanogenic conditions. In the sterile treatment, unlike the comparable SMX dissipation from the water phase under four redox conditions, non-extractable residues (NERs) of SMX was highest formed in the sediment under oxic condition, mainly in sequestered and ester/amide-linked forms. Microorganisms markedly promoted SMX transformation in the slurry. The dissipation rate of SMX and its transformation products (TPs) followed the order: oxic ≈ iron-reducing > methanogenic >> nitrate-reducing conditions, being consistent with the dynamics of microbial community in the sediment, where microbial diversity was greater and networks connectivity linking dominant bacteria to SMX transformation were more complex under oxic and iron-reducing conditions. Kinetic modelingN indicated that the transformation trend of SMX and its TPs into the endpoint pool NERs depended on the redox conditions. Addition of wetland plant exudates and sediment dissolved organic matter at environmental concentrations affected neither the abiotic nor the biotic transformation of SMX. Overall, the iron-reducing condition was proven the most favorable and eco-friendly for SMX transformation, as it resulted in a high rate of SMX dissipation from water without an increase in toxicity and subsequent formation of significant stable NERs in sediment. Our study comprehensively revealed the abiotic and biotic transformation processes of SMX under controlled redox conditions and demonstrated iron-reducing condition allowing optimal removal of SMX in constructed wetlands.
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