Ruthenium bipyridine complexes as electrochemiluminescent transducers for ionophore-based ion-selective detection

ionophore X) offered excellent selectivity to the method, the ruthenium complexes made the measurements independent of the sample pH. Furthermore for complex biological samples such as blood serum, an indirect approach of measuring the ECL of the remaining ruthenium complexes helps avoid background matrix interference to the ECL production at the working electrode, making the ECL method more attractive for real complex samples.